English
Understanding Language and Speech Disorders
Understanding Language and Speech Disorders
To fully understand the nature of language and speech disorders, it is essential to first differentiate between the two. Language disorders refer to problems related to the acquisition of rules governing spoken languages, while speech disorders involve issues with the production of speech sounds associated with that language.
To fully understand the nature of language and speech disorders, it is essential to first differentiate between the two. Language disorders refer to problems related to the acquisition of rules governing spoken languages, while speech disorders involve issues with the production of speech sounds associated with that language.
LANGUAGE DISORDERS
Language disorders can generally be classified into two main categories:
Developmental Language Disorders
Acquired Language Disorders
1. DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDERS
These are language disorders that emerge during the early stages of human development, manifesting as delays in the language acquisition process. They occur without any secondary impairment (such as intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, autism, Down syndrome, etc.).
Developmental language disorders can be examined under two main groups:
a. Delayed Speech-Language Disorder
b. Specific Language Disorder
a. Delayed Speech-Language Disorder
b. Specific Language Disorder
a. Delayed Speech-Language Disorder: This refers to a child's language development not meeting the age-appropriate level. While there is often no issue with receptive language (understanding language), there may be difficulties with expressive language (using language). These children typically reach the linguistic skill level of their peers by school age.
b. Specific Language Disorder: Although the symptoms resemble those of delayed speech and language, the most significant differences with specific language disorders are that receptive language may also be affected, spontaneous recovery is not possible, and language therapy is necessary.
ACQUIRED LANGUAGE DISORDER
Aphasia: Aphasia is a language disorder that occurs following normal language development, typically resulting from a stroke or traumatic brain injury that damages areas of the brain responsible for language. It can affect both expressive and receptive language as well as reading and writing abilities. Aphasia may be accompanied by neurological speech disorders such as dysarthria or apraxia of speech.
Aphasia: Aphasia is a language disorder that occurs following normal language development, typically resulting from a stroke or traumatic brain injury that damages areas of the brain responsible for language. It can affect both expressive and receptive language as well as reading and writing abilities. Aphasia may be accompanied by neurological speech disorders such as dysarthria or apraxia of speech.
SPEECH DISORDERS
Speech is the act of producing expressions linguistically in a form that can be heard by the other party. Any disorder that prevents this action is classified as a speech disorder. Speech disorders can be examined under three main categories: articulation (phonological) disorders, stuttering, and motor speech disorders.
Speech is the act of producing expressions linguistically in a form that can be heard by the other party. Any disorder that prevents this action is classified as a speech disorder. Speech disorders can be examined under three main categories: articulation (phonological) disorders, stuttering, and motor speech disorders.
